What effect does urbanization have on soil resources?

Urbanization has a significant impact on soil resources, particularly through the process of soil sealing. When urban areas expand, surfaces are often paved or built upon with materials such as concrete and asphalt. This practice covers the natural soil layers, preventing water infiltration and disrupting the natural processes of soil formation and regeneration.

Soil sealing limits the soil's ability to absorb rainwater, which can increase runoff and lead to issues such as erosion and flooding. Additionally, the physical compaction of soil during construction and development can reduce its aeration, affecting root growth and soil organisms essential for nutrient cycling. This alteration of soil properties can lead to a decline in soil health, reduce biodiversity, and hinder the soil's ability to support plant life.

Understanding the implications of soil sealing due to urbanization helps highlight the importance of considering sustainable development practices that minimize these negative effects on soil resources.