What is a consequence of excessive soil compaction?

Excessive soil compaction leads to a notable reduction in porosity, which is the volume of voids or spaces within the soil that can be filled with air or water. When soil is compacted, the particles are forced closer together, diminishing the size and number of air-filled pores. As a direct result, this compaction hinders the movement of air and water through the soil structure.

Soil compaction negatively impacts root growth and the overall health of soil ecosystems, as roots require adequate air for respiration. In terms of water movement, reduced pore space can impede infiltration and increase surface runoff, thereby affecting the hydrology of the area. Moreover, lower porosity can make it more challenging for plants to access water and nutrients. Overall, the consequences of compaction create a less favorable environment for plant growth and soil health.