What is the best approach for managing soil fertility sustainably?

The most effective approach for managing soil fertility sustainably involves applying organic amendments and practicing crop rotation. This method integrates different agricultural practices that enhance soil health and fertility over the long term.

Utilizing organic amendments, such as compost, manure, or green manures, enriches the soil with essential nutrients while improving its structure and water retention capacity. These organic materials contribute to a healthier soil ecosystem by fostering beneficial microorganisms, enhancing nutrient cycling, and reducing the likelihood of soil erosion.

Crop rotation plays a crucial role in sustainable soil management by alternating the types of crops planted in a given area each season. This practice helps prevent the depletion of specific nutrients associated with particular crops and can also mitigate pest and disease pressures, which can build up if the same crop is planted repeatedly. By diversifying the crops grown, soil fertility is maintained while promoting a balanced ecosystem.

In contrast, the other options do not support sustainable soil management. Using only chemical fertilizers may provide immediate nutrient availability but can lead to long-term soil degradation, reduced biodiversity, and environmental pollution. Monoculture farming depletes soil nutrients and increases vulnerability to pests and diseases, undermining soil health. Maximizing land use without regard to soil health can result in overexploitation of the soil, leading to its